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''In Our Time'' is Ernest Hemingway's first collection of short stories, published in 1925 by Boni & Liveright, New York. Its title is derived from the English Book of Common Prayer, "Give us peace in our time, O Lord". The collection's publication history was complex. It began with six prose vignettes commissioned by Ezra Pound for a 1923 edition of ''The Little Review''. Hemingway added twelve more and in 1924 compiled the ''in our time'' edition (with lower-case title), which was printed in Paris. To these were added fourteen short stories for the 1925 edition, including "Indian Camp" and "Big Two-Hearted River", two of his best-known Nick Adams stories. He composed "On the Quai at Smyrna" for the 1930 edition. The stories' themes – of alienation, loss, grief, separation – continue the work Hemingway began with the vignettes, which include descriptions of acts of war, bullfighting and current events. The collection is known for its spare language and oblique depiction of emotion, through a style known as Hemingway's "theory of omission" (Iceberg Theory). According to his biographer Michael Reynolds, among Hemingway's canon, "none is more confusing … for its several parts – biographical, literary, editorial, and bibliographical – contain so many contradictions that any analysis will be flawed."〔Reynolds (1995), 35〕 ==Background and publication history== Hemingway was 19 years old when, in 1918, shortly after he was posted to the Italian Front as a Red Cross ambulance driver, he sustained a severe wound from mortar fire. For the next six months he recuperated in a Milan hospital, where he fell in love with nurse Agnes von Kurowsky. Shortly after his return to the US, she informed him that she was engaged to an Italian officer. Soon after he turned to journalism.〔Putnam, Thomas (2006). ("Hemingway on War and Its Aftermath" ). ''Prologue Magazine''. Vol. 38, No. 1. Retrieved November 30, 2011〕 A few months after marrying Hadley Richardson in 1921, he was posted to Paris as international correspondent for ''The Toronto Star'', reporting on the Greco-Turkish War and sporting events in Spain and Germany.〔Desnoyers, Megan Floyd. ("Ernest Hemingway: A Storyteller's Legacy" ) JFK Library. Retrieved September 30, 2011〕 In Paris he befriended Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, F. Scott Fitzgerald, James Joyce, Ford Madox Ford, and John Dos Passos,〔 establishing a particularly strong friendship with Pound.〔 Pound's influence extended to promoting the young author, placing six of Hemingway's poems in ''Poetry Magazine''.〔 In August he asked Hemingway to contribute a small volume to the modernist series he was editing, and Bill Bird was publishing for his Three Mountains Press, which Pound envisioned as the "Inquest into the state of the modern English language".〔 Pound's commission turned Hemingway's attention toward fiction, and had profound consequences on his development as a writer.〔Cohen (2003), 107–108〕 On December 2, 1922, nearly all of Hemingway's early writing – his juvenilia and apprentice fiction, including the duplicates – was lost.〔〔Reynolds (2000), 26〕 He had been sent on assignment to cover the Conference of Lausanne, leaving Hadley, who was sick with a cold, behind in Paris. In Lausanne, he spent the days covering the conference, and the evenings drinking with Lincoln Steffens.〔Mellow (1992), 205〕 Before setting off to meet him in Switzerland, thinking he would want to show his work to Steffens, Hadley packed all his manuscripts into a valise which was subsequently stolen at Gare de Lyon train station.〔Mellow (1992), 208〕 Although angry and upset, Hemingway went with Hadley to Chamby (Montreux) to ski, and apparently did not post a reward for the recovery of the valise.〔Reynolds (2000), 26〕 An early story, "Up in Michigan", survived the loss because Gertrude Stein had told him it was unprintable (in part because of a seduction scene), and he had stuffed it in a drawer.〔Smith (1996), 40〕 A month later in a letter to Pound he mentioned that "You, naturally, would say, "Good" etc. But don't say it to me. I ain't reached that mood."〔Cohen (2012), 35〕 In his reply Pound pointed out that Hemingway had only lost "the ''time'' it will ... take you to rewrite the parts you can remember ... If the middle, i.e., ''FORM'', of the story is right then one ought to be able to reassemble it from memory ... If the thing wobbles and won't reform ... then it never ''wd.'' have been ''right''."〔Smith (1996), 41〕 Critics are uncertain whether he took Pound's advice and re-created existing stories or whether everything he wrote after the loss of the suitcase was new.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「In Our Time (short story collection)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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